The First Caliph, Abu Bakr (632-634 A.C.)
The Second Caliph, ‘Umar (634-644 A.C.)
The Third Caliph, Uthman (644-656 A.C.)
The Fourth Caliph, Ali (656-661 A.C.)
Once ‘Ali is killed, the period of the Rightly Guided Caliphs is said to have ended and the ‘Ummayad period or Caliphate begins.
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The common misperception regarding the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem is that it is a Mosque. It is not in fact a mosque. There are many theories regarding the purpose of the Dome of the Rock. The most common is that it was built to memorialize the place where Muhammad ascended into heaven. The [...]
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